The Importance of High-Frequency Words in Early Reading

Here’s an overview of the Dolch Pre-Primer WordsDolch Primer Words, and Fry First 100 Words, which are foundational word lists commonly used in literacy education.

1. Dolch Pre-Primer Words

  • What It Is: The Pre-Primer list is the first level in the Dolch Sight Words collection. These words are designed for early learners, such as preschoolers or kindergarteners, who are just beginning to read.
  • Purpose: Helps children recognize common, simple words by sight to develop basic reading skills.
  • Examples: a, and, blue, can, come, go, I, it, jump, play, see, the, to, up, we, you.

2. Dolch Primer Words

  • What It Is: The Primer list is the second level in the Dolch Sight Words collection. These words build on the Pre-Primer words and are suitable for children in kindergarten or early Year 1 (Grade 1).
  • Purpose: Introduces slightly more complex words that are frequently used in beginner reading materials.
  • Examples: all, am, are, at, black, but, do, eat, four, get, he, like, new, on, ran, there, what, with, yes.

3. Fry First 100 Words

  • What It Is: Part of the Fry Word List, the First 100 Words represent the most common words found in the English language. Developed by Dr. Edward Fry, this list is often used alongside or in place of Dolch lists.
  • Purpose: Focuses on the words that appear most frequently in everyday reading and writing. Mastery of these words significantly improves reading fluency.
  • Examples: the, of, and, a, to, in, is, you, that, it, he, was, for, on, as, his, they, I, be, this.

Key Differences

Dolch Pre-PrimerAge/Grade Preschool/Kindergarten 

Focus – Simplest words , Total Words in List – 40 words

Dolch Primer  – Age/Grade – Kindergarten/Year 1

Focus – Slightly complex words, Total Words in List – 52 words

Fry First 100 WordsAge/Grade – Kindergarten/Year 1+

Focus – Most frequently used words in English, Total Words in List – 100 words

Why They’re Important

  1. Reading Fluency: These words appear so frequently that recognizing them without sounding out helps children read more smoothly.
  2. Sight Word Recognition: Many of these words are irregular and can’t easily be decoded phonetically (e.g., “the,” “was”).
  3. Foundation for Literacy: Early mastery of these words boosts confidence and encourages more advanced reading.

Word Lists

Dolch Pre-Primer Words
a
and
away
big
blue
can
come
down
find
for
funny
go
help
here
I
in
is
it
jump
little
look
make
me
my
not
one
play
red
run
said
see
the
three
to
two
up
we
where
yellow
you
Dolch Primer Words
all
am
are
at
ate
be
black
brown
but
came
did
do
eat
four
get
good
have
he
into
like
must
new
no
now
on
our
out
please
pretty
ran
ride
saw
say
she
so
soon
that
there
they
this
too
under
want
was
well
went
what
white
who
will
with
yes
Fry First 100 Words
the
of
and
a
to
in
is
you
that
it
he
was
for
on
are
as
with
his
they
I
at
be
this
have
from
or
one
had
by
word
but
not
what
all
were
we
when
your
can
said
there
use
an
each
which
she
do
how
their
if
will
up
other
about
out
many
then
them
these
so
some
her
would
make
like
him
into
time
has
look
two
more
write
go
see
number
no
way
could
people
my
than
first
water
been
call
who
oil
now
find
long
down
day
did
get
come
made
may
part

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